Collection Hooks

Collection Hooks are Hooks that run on Documents within a specific Collection. They allow you to execute your own logic during specific events of the Document lifecycle.

To add Hooks to a Collection, use the hooks property in your Collection Config:

1import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload';
2
3export const CollectionWithHooks: CollectionConfig = {
4  // ...
5  hooks: { 
6    // ...
7  },
8}

Config Options

All Collection Hooks accept an array of synchronous or asynchronous functions. Each Collection Hook receives specific arguments based on its own type, and has the ability to modify specific outputs.

1import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload';
2
3export const CollectionWithHooks: CollectionConfig = {
// ...
hooks: {
  beforeOperation: [(args) => {...}],
  beforeValidate: [(args) => {...}],
  beforeDelete: [(args) => {...}],
  beforeChange: [(args) => {...}],
  beforeRead: [(args) => {...}],
  afterChange: [(args) => {...}],
  afterRead: [(args) => {...}],
  afterDelete: [(args) => {...}],
  afterOperation: [(args) => {...}],
  afterError: [(args) => {....}],
16
  // Auth-enabled Hooks
  beforeLogin: [(args) => {...}],
  afterLogin: [(args) => {...}],
  afterLogout: [(args) => {...}],
  afterRefresh: [(args) => {...}],
  afterMe: [(args) => {...}],
  afterForgotPassword: [(args) => {...}],
  refresh: [(args) => {...}],
  me: [(args) => {...}],
},
27}

beforeOperation

The beforeOperation hook can be used to modify the arguments that operations accept or execute side-effects that run before an operation begins.

Available Collection operations include create, read, update, delete, login, refresh, and forgotPassword.

1import type { CollectionBeforeOperationHook } from 'payload'
2
3const beforeOperationHook: CollectionBeforeOperationHook = async ({
4  args,
5  operation,
6  req,
7}) => {
8  return args // return modified operation arguments as necessary
9}

The following arguments are provided to the beforeOperation hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between Hooks. More details.
`operation`	The name of the operation that this hook is running within.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

beforeValidate

Runs before the create and update operations. This hook allows you to add or format data before the incoming data is validated server-side.

Please do note that this does not run before the client-side validation. If you added a validate function, this would be the lifecycle:

validate runs on the client
if successful, beforeValidate runs on the server
validate runs on the server

1import type { CollectionBeforeValidateHook } from 'payload'
2
3const beforeValidateHook: CollectionBeforeValidateHook = async ({
4  data,
5}) => {
6  return data
7}

The following arguments are provided to the beforeValidate hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between Hooks. More details.
`data`	The incoming data passed through the operation.
`operation`	The name of the operation that this hook is running within.
`originalDoc`	The Document before changes are applied.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

Immediately following validation, beforeChange hooks will run within create and update operations. At this stage, you can be confident that the data that will be saved to the document is valid in accordance to your field validations. You can optionally modify the shape of data to be saved.

1import type { CollectionBeforeChangeHook } from 'payload'
2
3const beforeChangeHook: CollectionBeforeChangeHook = async ({
4  data,
5}) => {
6  return data
7}

The following arguments are provided to the beforeChange hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`data`	The incoming data passed through the operation.
`operation`	The name of the operation that this hook is running within.
`originalDoc`	The Document before changes are applied.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

afterChange

After a document is created or updated, the afterChange hook runs. This hook is helpful to recalculate statistics such as total sales within a global, syncing user profile changes to a CRM, and more.

1import type { CollectionAfterChangeHook } from 'payload'
2
3const afterChangeHook: CollectionAfterChangeHook = async ({
4  doc,
5}) => {
6  return doc
7}

The following arguments are provided to the afterChange hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`doc`	The resulting Document after changes are applied.
`operation`	The name of the operation that this hook is running within.
`previousDoc`	The Document before changes were applied.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

beforeRead

Runs before find and findByID operations are transformed for output by afterRead. This hook fires before hidden fields are removed and before localized fields are flattened into the requested locale. Using this Hook will provide you with all locales and all hidden fields via the doc argument.

1import type { CollectionBeforeReadHook } from 'payload'
2
3const beforeReadHook: CollectionBeforeReadHook = async ({
4  doc,
5}) => {
6  return doc
7}

The following arguments are provided to the beforeRead hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`doc`	The resulting Document after changes are applied.
`query`	The Query of the request.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

afterRead

Runs as the last step before documents are returned. Flattens locales, hides protected fields, and removes fields that users do not have access to.

1import type { CollectionAfterReadHook } from 'payload'
2
3const afterReadHook: CollectionAfterReadHook = async ({
4  doc,
5}) => {
6  return doc
7}

The following arguments are provided to the afterRead hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`doc`	The resulting Document after changes are applied.
`query`	The Query of the request.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

beforeDelete

Runs before the delete operation. Returned values are discarded.

1import type { CollectionBeforeDeleteHook } from 'payload';
2
3const beforeDeleteHook: CollectionBeforeDeleteHook = async ({
4  req,
5  id,
6}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the beforeDelete hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`id`	The ID of the Document being deleted.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

afterDelete

Runs immediately after the delete operation removes records from the database. Returned values are discarded.

1import type { CollectionAfterDeleteHook } from 'payload';
2
3const afterDeleteHook: CollectionAfterDeleteHook = async ({
4  req,
5  id,
6  doc,
7}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterDelete hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`doc`	The resulting Document after changes are applied.
`id`	The ID of the Document that was deleted.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

afterOperation

The afterOperation hook can be used to modify the result of operations or execute side-effects that run after an operation has completed.

Available Collection operations include create, find, findByID, update, updateByID, delete, deleteByID, login, refresh, and forgotPassword.

1import type { CollectionAfterOperationHook } from 'payload'
2
3const afterOperationHook: CollectionAfterOperationHook = async ({
4  result,
5}) => {
6  return result
7}

The following arguments are provided to the afterOperation hook:

Option	Description
`args`	The arguments passed into the operation.
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.
`operation`	The name of the operation that this hook is running within.
`result`	The result of the operation, before modifications.

afterError

The afterError Hook is triggered when an error occurs in the Payload application. This can be useful for logging errors to a third-party service, sending an email to the development team, logging the error to Sentry or DataDog, etc. The output can be used to transform the result object / status code.

1import type { CollectionAfterErrorHook } from 'payload';
2
3const afterDeleteHook: CollectionAfterErrorHook = async ({
4  req,
5  id,
6  doc,
7}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterError Hook:

Argument	Description
`error`	The error that occurred.
`context`	Custom context passed between Hooks. More details.
`graphqlResult`	The GraphQL result object, available if the hook is executed within a GraphQL context.
`req`	The `PayloadRequest` object that extends Web Request. Contains currently authenticated `user` and the Local API instance `payload`.
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`result`	The formatted error result object, available if the hook is executed from a REST context.

beforeLogin

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook runs during login operations where a user with the provided credentials exist, but before a token is generated and added to the response. You can optionally modify the user that is returned, or throw an error in order to deny the login operation.

1import type { CollectionBeforeLoginHook } from 'payload'
2
3const beforeLoginHook: CollectionBeforeLoginHook = async ({
4  user,
5}) => {
6  return user
7}

The following arguments are provided to the beforeLogin hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.
`user`	The user being logged in.

afterLogin

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook runs after successful login operations. You can optionally modify the user that is returned.

1import type { CollectionAfterLoginHook } from 'payload';
2
3const afterLoginHook: CollectionAfterLoginHook = async ({
4  user,
5  token,
6}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterLogin hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.
`token`	The token generated for the user.
`user`	The user being logged in.

afterLogout

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook runs after logout operations.

1import type { CollectionAfterLogoutHook } from 'payload';
2
3const afterLogoutHook: CollectionAfterLogoutHook = async ({
4  req,
5}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterLogout hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.

afterMe

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook runs after me operations.

1import type { CollectionAfterMeHook } from 'payload';
2
3const afterMeHook: CollectionAfterMeHook = async ({
4  req,
5  response,
6}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterMe hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.
`response`	The response to return.

afterRefresh

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook runs after refresh operations.

1import type { CollectionAfterRefreshHook } from 'payload';
2
3const afterRefreshHook: CollectionAfterRefreshHook = async ({
4  token,
5}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterRefresh hook:

Option	Description
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.
`exp`	The expiration time of the token.
`req`	The Web Request object. This is mocked for Local API operations.
`token`	The newly refreshed user token.

afterForgotPassword

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook runs after successful forgotPassword operations. Returned values are discarded.

1import type { CollectionAfterForgotPasswordHook } from 'payload'
2
3const afterForgotPasswordHook: CollectionAfterForgotPasswordHook = async ({
4  args,
5  context,
6  collection,
7}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterForgotPassword hook:

Option	Description
`args`	The arguments passed into the operation.
`collection`	The Collection in which this Hook is running against.
`context`	Custom context passed between hooks. More details.

refresh

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook allows you to optionally replace the default behavior of the refresh operation with your own. If you optionally return a value from your hook, the operation will not perform its own logic and continue.

1import type { CollectionRefreshHook } from 'payload'
2
3const myRefreshHook: CollectionRefreshHook = async ({
4  args,
5  user,
6}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the afterRefresh hook:

Option	Description
`args`	The arguments passed into the operation.
`user`	The user being logged in.

me

For Auth-enabled Collections, this hook allows you to optionally replace the default behavior of the me operation with your own. If you optionally return a value from your hook, the operation will not perform its own logic and continue.

1import type { CollectionMeHook } from 'payload'
2
3const meHook: CollectionMeHook = async ({
4  args,
5  user,
6}) => {...}

The following arguments are provided to the me hook:

Option	Description
`args`	The arguments passed into the operation.
`user`	The user being logged in.

TypeScript

Payload exports a type for each Collection hook which can be accessed as follows:

1import type {
CollectionBeforeOperationHook,
CollectionBeforeValidateHook,
CollectionBeforeChangeHook,
CollectionAfterChangeHook,
CollectionAfterReadHook,
CollectionBeforeReadHook,
CollectionBeforeDeleteHook,
CollectionAfterDeleteHook,
CollectionBeforeLoginHook,
CollectionAfterLoginHook,
CollectionAfterLogoutHook,
CollectionAfterRefreshHook,
CollectionAfterMeHook,
CollectionAfterForgotPasswordHook,
CollectionRefreshHook,
CollectionMeHook,
18} from 'payload'

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